excel-author

name excel-author description Build auditable financial workbooks headless via openpyxl. version 1.0.0 author Anthropic (adapted by Nous Research) license Apache-2.0 platforms ["linux","macos","windows"] metadata {"hermes":{"tags":["excel","openpyxl","finance","spreadsheet","modeling"],"related_skills":["xlsx","pptx-author","dcf-model","comps-analysis","lbo-model","3-statement-model"]}} excel-author Produce an .xlsx file on disk using openpyxl . Follow the banker-grade conventions below so the model is auditable, flexible, and reviewable by someone other than the person who built it. Adapted from Anthropic's xlsx-author and audit-xls skills in the anthropics/financial-services repo. The MCP / Office-JS / Cowork-specific branches of the originals are dropped — this skill assumes headless Python. Output contract Write to ./out/<name>.xlsx . Create ./out/ if it does not exist. Return the relative path in your final message so downstream tools can pick it up. One logical model per file. Do not append to an existing workbook unless explicitly asked. Setup pip install "openpyxl>=3.0" Core conventions (non-negotiable) Blue / black / green cell color Blue ( Font(color="0000FF") ) — hardcoded input a human entered. Revenue drivers, WACC inputs, terminal growth, market data. Black (default) — formula. Every derived cell is a live Excel formula. Green ( Font(color="006100") ) — link to another sheet or external file. A reviewer can then scan the sheet and immediately see what's an assumption vs. what's computed. Formulas over hardcodes Every calculation cell MUST be a formula string, never a number computed in Python and pasted as a value. # WRONG — silent bug waiting to happen ws[ "D20" ] = revenue_prior_year * ( 1 + growth) # CORRECT — flexes when the user changes the assumption ws[ "D20" ] = "=D19*(1+$B$8)" The only hardcoded numbers permitted: Raw historical inputs (actual revenues, reported EBITDA, etc.) Assumption drivers the user is meant to flex (growth rates, WACC inputs, terminal g) Current market data (share price, debt balance) — with a cell comment documenting source + date If you catch yourself computing a value in Python and writing the result, stop. Named ranges for cross-sheet references Use named ranges for any figure referenced from another sheet, a deck, or a memo. from openpyxl.workbook.defined_name import DefinedName wb.defined_names[ "WACC" ] = DefinedName( "WACC" , attr_text= "Inputs!$C$8" ) # then elsewhere: calc[ "D30" ] = "=D29/WACC" Balance checks tab Include a Checks tab that ties everything and surfaces TRUE/FALSE: Balance sheet balances (assets = liabilities + equity) Cash flow ties to period-over-period cash change on the BS Sum-of-parts ties to consolidated totals No rogue hardcodes inside calc ranges Example: checks = wb.create_sheet( "Checks" ) checks[ "A2" ] = "BS balances" checks[ "B2" ] = "=IS!D20-IS!D21-IS!D22" checks[ "C2" ] = "=ABS(B2)<0.01" # TRUE/FALSE Cell comments on every hardcoded input Add the comment AS you create the cell, not later. from openpyxl.comments import Comment ws[ "C2" ] = 1_250_000_000 ws[ "C2" ].font = Font(color= "0000FF" ) ws[ "C2" ].comment = Comment( "Source: 10-K FY2024, p.47, revenue line" , "analyst" ) Format: Source: [System/Document], [Date], [Reference], [URL if applicable] . Never defer sourcing. Never write TODO: add source . Skeleton: typical financial model from openpyxl import Workbook from openpyxl.styles import Font, PatternFill, Alignment, Border, Side from openpyxl.comments import Comment from openpyxl.utils import get_column_letter from pathlib import Path BLUE = Font(color= "0000FF" ) BLACK = Font(color= "000000" ) GREEN = Font(color= "006100" ) BOLD = Font(bold= True ) HEADER_FILL = PatternFill( "solid" , fgColor= "1F4E79" ) HEADER_FONT = Font(color= "FFFFFF" , bold= True ) wb = Workbook() # --- Inputs tab --- inp = wb.active inp.title = "Inputs" inp[ "A1" ] = "MARKET DATA & KEY INPUTS" inp[ "A1" ].font = HEADER_FONT inp[ "A1" ].fill = HEADER_FILL inp.merge_cells( "A1:C1" ) inp[ "B3" ] = "Revenue FY2024" inp[ "C3" ] = 1_250_000_000 inp[ "C3" ].font = BLUE inp[ "C3" ].comment = Comment( "Source: 10-K FY2024 p.47" , "model" ) inp[ "B4" ] = "Growth Rate" inp[ "C4" ] = 0.12 inp[ "C4" ].font = BLUE # --- Calc tab --- calc = wb.create_sheet( "DCF" ) calc[ "B2" ] = "Projected Revenue" calc[ "C2" ] = "=Inputs!C3*(1+Inputs!C4)" # formula, black # --- Checks tab --- chk = wb.create_sheet( "Checks" ) chk[ "A2" ] = "BS balances" chk[ "B2" ] = "=ABS(BS!D20-BS!D21-BS!D22)<0.01" Path( "./out" ).mkdir(exist_ok= True ) wb.save( "./out/model.xlsx" ) Section headers with merged cells openpyxl quirk: when you merge, set the value on the top-left cell and style the full range separately. ws[ "A7" ] = "CASH FLOW PROJECTION" ws[ "A7" ].font = HEADER_FONT ws.merge_cells( "A7:H7" ) for col in range ( 1 , 9 ): # A..H ws.cell(row= 7 , column=col).fill = HEADER_FILL Sensitivity tables Build with loops, not hardcoded formulas per cell. Rules: Odd number of rows/cols (5×5 or 7×7) — guarantees a true center cell. Center cell = base case. The middle row/col header must equal the model's actual WACC and terminal g so the center output equals the base-case implied share price. That's the sanity check. Highlight the center cell with medium-blue fill ( "BDD7EE" ) and bold. Populate every cell with a full recalculation formula — never an approximation. # 5x5 WACC (rows) x terminal growth (cols) sensitivity wacc_axis = [ 0.08 , 0.085 , 0.09 , 0.095 , 0.10 ] # center row = base 9.0% term_axis = [ 0.02 , 0.025 , 0.03 , 0.035 , 0.04 ] # center col = base 3.0% start_row = 40 ws.cell(row=start_row, column= 1 ).value = "Implied Share Price ($)" ws.cell(row=start_row, column= 1 ).font = BOLD for j, g in enumerate (term_axis): ws.cell(row=start_row+ 1 , column= 2 +j).value = g ws.cell(row=start_row+ 1 , column= 2 +j).font = BLUE for i, w in enumerate (wacc_axis): r = start_row + 2 + i ws.cell(row=r, column= 1 ).value = w ws.cell(row=r, column= 1 ).font = BLUE for j, g in enumerate (term_axis): c = 2 + j # Full DCF recalc formula (simplified for illustration). # In a real model this references the full projection block. ws.cell(row=r, column=c).value = ( f"=SUMPRODUCT(FCF_range,1/(1+ {w} )^year_offset) + " f"FCF_terminal*(1+ {g} )/( {w} - {g} )/(1+ {w} )^terminal_year" ) # Highlight center cell (base case) center = ws.cell(row=start_row+ 2 + len (wacc_axis)// 2 , column= 2 + len (term_axis)// 2 ) center.fill = PatternFill( "solid" , fgColor= "BDD7EE" ) center.font = BOLD Recalculating before delivery openpyxl writes formula strings but does not compute them. Excel recalculates on open, but downstream consumers (auto-check scripts, CI) need computed values. Run LibreOffice or a dedicated recalc step before delivery: # LibreOffice headless recalc libreoffice --headless --calc --convert-to xlsx ./out/model.xlsx --outdir ./out/ Or use a Python recalc helper (see scripts/recalc.py in this skill). Model layout planning Before writing any formula: Define ALL section row positions Write ALL headers and labels Write ALL section dividers and blank rows THEN write formulas using the locked row positions This prevents the cascading-formula-breakage pattern where inserting a header row after formulas are written shifts every downstream reference. Verify step-by-step with the user For large models (DCFs, 3-statement, LBO), stop and show the user intermediate artifacts before continuing. Catching a wrong margin assumption before you've built downstream sensitivity tables saves an hour. Checkpoint pattern: After Inputs block → show raw inputs, confirm before projecting After Revenue projections → confirm top line + growth After FCF build → confirm the full schedule After WACC → confirm inputs After valuation → confirm the equity bridge THEN build sensitivity tables When NOT to use this skill Users in a live Excel session with an Office MCP available — drive their live workbook instead. Pure tabular data export with no formulas — csv or pandas.to_excel is simpler. Dashboards / charts with heavy interactivity — use a real BI tool. Attribution Conventions (blue/black/green, formulas-over-hardcodes, named ranges, sensitivity rules) adapted from Anthropic's Claude for Financial Services plugin suite, Apache-2.0 licensed. Original: https://github.com/anthropics/financial-services/tree/main/plugins/vertical-plugins/financial-analysis/skills/xlsx-author